.National identity – The European Perspective

National identity


The Great Replacement: Myth, conspiracy theory, or reality? Part 3: “Diversity is our strength!”

Part 2 of this series was about criticisms of the Great Replacement idea by people who tried to downplay the extent of the demographic changes happening in Europe.

Another group of people accepts the demographic reality of the “Great Replacement”. However, they welcome these changes instead of seeing them as a great tragedy.

This Part confronts the views of these people with reality.


Identity and pride, Part 1: Introduction

Pride—and its opposites, shame and guilt—are emotions related to your personal identity but also to your identity as belonging to a group, a nation, a culture or an ethnicity. This series analyzes these feelings and their broader implications.



Language and Nation: Finland, Part 1. Swedish rule

Around 1000 A.D. Scandinavia saw momentous changes: the previously Viking-ruled areas organized themselves into kingdoms—Denmark, Norway and Sweden—and embraced Roman Catholic Christianity as religion.

Across the Gulf of Bothnia, Finland stayed behind in these developments …